Physical Science Study Guide- 3rd Grade
Matter- anything that takes up space and has mass
Atoms- the smallest particles of matter
Volume- a measurement of the amount of space something takes up (example- The glass held 50 milliliters of water.)
Mass- a measurement of weight
Solid- matter that keeps the same shape, no matter the container (examples- a chair, a block, clay, a grain of rice)
Liquid- matter that cannot change its volume, but can change its shape. Liquids take the shape of their containers. (examples- milk, juice, olive oil, syrup)
Gas- matter that can change its shape and volume (examples- helium, water vapor, carbon dioxide)
Water vapor- a type of gas commonly called steam, it forms when water turns from liquid to gas
Oxygen- a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is needed for animals and plants to live
Melting- when a solid turns to liquid
Evaporation- when water turns into water vapor
Condensation- when water vapor turns from gas back to liquid water
***Temperature causes matter to change forms. For example, heat will cause a solid to melt to a liquid. Freezing temperatures will cause a liquid to turn into a solid.
Energy- the ability to do work, like changing a solid into a liquid. Energy can cause motion or create change.
***Examples of types of energy and how they can create change. -Heating water can cause the water to change to a gas. -Light energy from the sun can cause a plant to grow. -Electricity can cause the blades of a fan to move. -Static electricity from a balloon can cause your hair to move. -Magnetism can cause magnets and some metal objects to move. |
Magnetism- the property of an object that makes it attract iron
Attract- to pull together (the north end of one magnet will attract to the south end of another)
Repel- to push apart (The north end of one magnet will repel the north end of another magnet. The south end of one magnet will repel the south end of another magnet.)